References

  1. Andrews, R. & Longcore, J.R. (1969), `The killing efficiency of soft iron shot', Transactions of the North American Wildlife Society Bulletin 34 ,337--345.

  2. Bauer, E. (1989), The Waterfowler's Bible , Doubleday.

  3. Bellrose, F.C. (1953), `A preliminary evaluation of cripple losses in waterfowl', Transactions of the 18th North American Wildlife Conference 18 ,337--360.

  4. Bihrle, C. & Johnson, M. (1988), `Shooting steel', North Dakota Outdoors pp.18--21.

  5. Cochrane, R.L. (1976), `Crippling effects of lead, steel, and copper shot on experimental mallards', Wildlife Monographs 51 ,8--19.

  6. DCE (1991), `Lead shot to be phased out', Vic. Department of Conservation and Environment. The estimate of shots/kill is contained in the attachment to this DCE press release.

  7. Eussen, D. (1991), Duck Hunting Australia , Australian Outdoor Publishing.

  8. Frith, H.J. (1982), Waterfowl in Australia , Angas and Robertson.

  9. Giblin, R.A. (1995), The ucl ballistics test facility for the evaluation of non toxic shot ammunition , Technical report, Statistical Aerodynamic Group, University College London.

  10. Kozicky, E. & Madson, J.B. (1973), `Nilo shot shell efficiency test on experimental mallard ducks, 1972-3', Proceedings of the International Association of Game, Fishing and Conservation 63 ,100--117.

  11. Lowry, E.D. (1973), `The nilo lethality model', Proceedings of the International Association of Game, Fishing and Conservation 63 ,117--141.

  12. Nicklaus, R.H. (1976), `Effects of lead and steel shot on shooting of flighted mallards', Wildlife Monographs 51 ,22--29.

  13. Nieman, D.J., Hochbaum, G.S., Caswell, F.D. & Turner, B.C. (1987), `Monitoring hunter performance in prairie canada', Transactions of the 52nd North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 52 ,233--245.

  14. Norman, F.I. (1976), `The incidence of lead shotgun pellets in waterfowl (anatidae and rallidae) examined in south eastern australia between 1957 and 1973', Australian Wildlife Research 3 ,61--71.

  15. Norton, M.R. & Thomas, V.G. (1994), `Economic analyses of crippling losses of north american waterfowl and their policy implications for management', Environmental Conservation 21 (4),347-353.

  16. Russell, G. (1994), `Shotgun wounding characteristics', Maple Tech: Maple in Mathematics and the Sciences (Special Issue) Birkhauser, Boston p.17 to 23,1994.

  17. Sanderson, G.C. & Bellrose, F.C. (1986), A Review of the Problem of Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl , Illinoise Natural History Survey.

  18. Stokes, K.J., ed. (1990), Report of the Task Force Enquiring into Duck Hunting in South Australia , National Parks and Wildlife Service S.A.

  19. Van Dyke, F. (1981), `Mortality in crippled mallards', Journal of Wildlife Management 45(2) ,444--453.

  20. Wallack, L.R. (1977), American Shotgun design and Performance , Winchester Press.

  21. Whitlock, S.C. & Miller, H.J. (1947), `Gunshot wounds in ducks', Jounal of Wildlife Management 11 ,279--281.

  22. Williams, R. (1995), `Aim to avoid the voids in shotgunning', The Weekly Times , Jan 18.